See kawan on Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "kawan baru"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "kawan berbuat"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "kawan berlomba"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "kawan bicara"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "kawan dekat"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "kawan hidup"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "kawan karib"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "kawan lama"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "kawan sebaya"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "kawan sejawat"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "kawan sekelas"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "kawan sekerja"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "kawan seperjuangan"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "kawan sepermainan"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "kawan setia"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "kawan sirih"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "kawan tebusan"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"kawan",
"kawan#Malay"
],
[
"*kaban",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Malayo-Polynesian/kaban"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "ms",
"3": "kawan"
},
"expansion": "Malay kawan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "poz-pro",
"3": "*kaban"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kaban",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Malay kawan, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kaban.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "kawan-kawan",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "kawan (plural kawan-kawan)",
"name": "id-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ka‧wan"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"ka‧wan"
]
}
],
"lang": "Indonesian",
"lang_code": "id",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"buddy (partner for a particular activity)"
],
"id": "en-kawan-id-noun-Wv3-4Tcw",
"links": [
[
"buddy",
"buddy"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "2 85 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Indonesian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 25 6 11 22 6 2 2 2 4 3 5 1 8 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 6 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 31 3 12 29 3 1 1 1 2 2 3 1 9 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"friend (person whose company one enjoys)"
],
"id": "en-kawan-id-noun-ncy8u-bn",
"links": [
[
"friend",
"friend"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "bendu"
},
{
"word": "dongan"
},
{
"word": "handai"
},
{
"word": "handai tolan"
},
{
"word": "kamerad"
},
{
"word": "kanca"
},
{
"word": "kanti"
},
{
"word": "karib"
},
{
"word": "kenalan"
},
{
"word": "kolega"
},
{
"word": "kontak"
},
{
"word": "mitra"
},
{
"word": "perepat"
},
{
"word": "rafik"
},
{
"word": "rekan"
},
{
"word": "sahabat"
},
{
"word": "saki"
},
{
"word": "sejawat"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "id",
"name": "Politics",
"orig": "id:Politics",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
119,
124
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
95,
102
]
],
"english": "Only several PKI leaders succeeded in saving themselves by traveling abroad, one of them being Comrade Musso, a member of the Central Committee of the PKI.",
"text": "Hanya beberapa orang pemimpin PKI berhasil menyelamatkan diri ke luar negeri, di antaranya anggota Central Comite PKI, Kawan Musso.",
"translation": "Only several PKI leaders succeeded in saving themselves by traveling abroad, one of them being Comrade Musso, a member of the Central Committee of the PKI.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"comrade"
],
"id": "en-kawan-id-noun-PerI4qoh",
"links": [
[
"politics",
"politics"
],
[
"comrade",
"comrade"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(politics) comrade"
],
"topics": [
"government",
"politics"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkawan/",
"tags": [
"Standard-Indonesian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈka.wan]",
"tags": [
"Standard-Indonesian"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-awan"
}
],
"word": "kawan"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "jv",
"2": "romanization",
"head": "",
"sc": "Latn"
},
"expansion": "kawan",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "kawan",
"name": "jv-rom"
}
],
"lang": "Javanese",
"lang_code": "jv",
"pos": "romanization",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "ꦏꦮꦤ꧀"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Javanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Javanese romanizations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Javanese terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 6 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"romanization of ꦏꦮꦤ꧀"
],
"id": "en-kawan-jv-romanization-fGEzRLjv",
"links": [
[
"ꦏꦮꦤ꧀",
"ꦏꦮꦤ꧀#Javanese"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"romanization"
]
}
],
"word": "kawan"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Indonesian",
"lang_code": "id",
"raw_tags": [
"inherited",
"inherited"
],
"word": "kawan"
},
{
"lang": "Kendayan",
"lang_code": "knx",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "kawan"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"*kaban",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Malayo-Polynesian/kaban"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ms",
"2": "poz-pro",
"3": "*kaban",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kaban",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ms",
"2": "poz-pro",
"3": "*kaban"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kaban",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kaban.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "کاون",
"tags": [
"Jawi"
]
},
{
"form": "kawan-kawan",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kawan²",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kwn",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Internet"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"j": "کاون"
},
"expansion": "kawan (Jawi spelling کاون, plural kawan-kawan or kawan²)",
"name": "ms-noun"
}
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"ka",
"wan"
]
}
],
"lang": "Malay",
"lang_code": "ms",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "1 25 6 11 22 6 2 2 2 4 3 5 1 8 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 6 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 31 3 12 29 3 1 1 1 2 2 3 1 9 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 57 3 4 4 1 5 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Johor Malay",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "32 44 5 2 3 2 10 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Malay entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 37 2 14 8 7 8 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Malay pronouns",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"sense": "Affixations",
"word": "berkawan"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"sense": "Affixations",
"word": "kawani"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"sense": "Affixations",
"word": "kawankan"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"sense": "Affixations",
"word": "perkawan"
}
],
"glosses": [
"friend (person whose company one enjoys)"
],
"id": "en-kawan-ms-noun-ncy8u-bn",
"links": [
[
"friend",
"friend"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "78 22",
"sense": "company enjoyed",
"word": "teman"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 22",
"sense": "company enjoyed",
"word": "rakan"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 22",
"sense": "company enjoyed",
"word": "sahabat"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"flock"
],
"id": "en-kawan-ms-noun-ih6z0LPV",
"links": [
[
"flock",
"flock"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkawan/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈka.wan]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-awan"
},
{
"rhymes": "-wan"
},
{
"rhymes": "-an"
}
],
"word": "kawan"
}
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"*kaban",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Malayo-Polynesian/kaban"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ms",
"2": "poz-pro",
"3": "*kaban",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kaban",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ms",
"2": "poz-pro",
"3": "*kaban"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kaban",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kaban.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "kwn",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Internet"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ms",
"2": "classifier"
},
"expansion": "kawan",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"ka",
"wan"
]
}
],
"lang": "Malay",
"lang_code": "ms",
"pos": "classifier",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "1 25 6 11 22 6 2 2 2 4 3 5 1 8 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 6 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 31 3 12 29 3 1 1 1 2 2 3 1 9 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "63 18 1 4 5 2 8 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Malay classifiers",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Classifier used for animals in flocks."
],
"id": "en-kawan-ms-classifier-UQpOoOmq",
"links": [
[
"flocks",
"flocks#English"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkawan/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈka.wan]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-awan"
},
{
"rhymes": "-wan"
},
{
"rhymes": "-an"
}
],
"word": "kawan"
}
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"*kaban",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Malayo-Polynesian/kaban"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ms",
"2": "poz-pro",
"3": "*kaban",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kaban",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ms",
"2": "poz-pro",
"3": "*kaban"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kaban",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kaban.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "کاون",
"tags": [
"Jawi"
]
},
{
"form": "kwn",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Internet"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"j": "کاون"
},
"expansion": "kawan (Jawi spelling کاون)",
"name": "ms-pronoun"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ms",
"2": "Johor"
},
"expansion": "(Johor)",
"name": "tlb"
}
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"ka",
"wan"
]
}
],
"lang": "Malay",
"lang_code": "ms",
"pos": "pron",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "saya1 aku3"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "kita4 kami2 & 5 kita orang3 & 5"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"alt": "eng",
"word": "awak1 anda2 awda8kau3 kamu3"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"alt": "eng",
"tags": [
"second-person"
],
"word": "+ semua6 kalian2kau orang3"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "dia ia beliau7 -nya2"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "mereka2 dia orang3"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "This table mostly only shows personal pronouns that are commonly used in the standard language and within the Klang Valley area"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "The second person pronouns are often replaced by kinship terms"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "titles"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "or the like"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "as an object or possessor",
"translation": "as an object or possessor",
"word": "The enclitic -nya is only used obliquely"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "The second person pronoun kamu is usually only used when speaking with younger speakers"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"I (personal pronoun)"
],
"id": "en-kawan-ms-pron-DEtObZwO",
"links": [
[
"I",
"I"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"me (direct object of a verb)"
],
"id": "en-kawan-ms-pron-IEaL72DD",
"links": [
[
"me",
"me"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"me (object of a preposition)"
],
"id": "en-kawan-ms-pron-fu5VplhE",
"links": [
[
"me",
"me"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"me (indirect object of a verb)"
],
"id": "en-kawan-ms-pron-cdlRLnlJ",
"links": [
[
"me",
"me"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"my (belonging to me)"
],
"id": "en-kawan-ms-pron-jxdBl~b5",
"links": [
[
"my",
"my"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkawan/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈka.wan]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-awan"
},
{
"rhymes": "-wan"
},
{
"rhymes": "-an"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "aku"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "saya"
}
],
"word": "kawan"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Javanese",
"lang_code": "jv",
"raw_tags": [
"inherited",
"uncertain"
],
"roman": "kawan",
"word": "ꦏꦮꦤ꧀"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"*kaban",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Malayo-Polynesian/kaban"
]
],
"etymology_number": "1",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kaw",
"2": "poz-pro",
"3": "*kaban",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kaban",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kaw",
"2": "poz-pro",
"3": "*kaban"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kaban",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kaban.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kaw",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "kawan",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"ka",
"wan"
]
}
],
"lang": "Old Javanese",
"lang_code": "kaw",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "78 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Javanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "anakawan"
},
{
"word": "panakawan"
},
{
"word": "sakawan"
},
{
"word": "sakawanan"
},
{
"word": "samakawan"
}
],
"glosses": [
"companion; group"
],
"id": "en-kawan-kaw-noun-ntEgwvkV",
"links": [
[
"companion",
"companion"
],
[
"group",
"group"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ka.wan/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-wan"
}
],
"word": "kawan"
}
{
"etymology_number": "2",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kaw"
},
"expansion": "Unknown",
"name": "unk"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Unknown",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kaw",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "kawan",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"ka",
"wan"
]
}
],
"lang": "Old Javanese",
"lang_code": "kaw",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"a particular kind of fish"
],
"id": "en-kawan-kaw-noun-T9hI8AB-"
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ka.wan/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-wan"
}
],
"word": "kawan"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "kawan-kawan"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "magkawan"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "magkawan-kawan"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "mangawan"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "mapangawan"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "pangawanan"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "pangawanin"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"kawan",
"kawan#Malay"
],
[
"*kaban",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Malayo-Polynesian/kaban"
],
[
"kaban",
"kaban#Tagalog"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tl",
"2": "ms",
"3": "kawan"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Malay kawan",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tl",
"2": "poz-pro",
"3": "*kaban",
"4": "",
"5": "companion, member of a group (of animals or people); friend"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kaban (“companion, member of a group (of animals or people); friend”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tl",
"2": "kaban"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of kaban",
"name": "dbt"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Malay kawan, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kaban (“companion, member of a group (of animals or people); friend”). Doublet of kaban.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ᜃᜏᜈ᜔",
"tags": [
"Baybayin"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"b": "+"
},
"expansion": "kawan (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜏᜈ᜔)",
"name": "tl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ka‧wan"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"ka‧wan"
]
}
],
"lang": "Tagalog",
"lang_code": "tl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "93 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Tagalog entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "88 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Tagalog terms with Baybayin script",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "72 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Tagalog terms with malumay pronunciation",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "89 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Tagalog terms with missing Baybayin script entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "80 20",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "tl",
"name": "Collectives",
"orig": "tl:Collectives",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"herd; flock; school; swarm (group of animals together, especially of the same kind)"
],
"id": "en-kawan-tl-noun-5MArnl8N",
"links": [
[
"herd",
"herd"
],
[
"flock",
"flock"
],
[
"school",
"school"
],
[
"swarm",
"swarm"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "kamada"
},
{
"word": "grupo"
},
{
"word": "langkay"
},
{
"word": "pulutong"
},
{
"word": "ganado"
},
{
"word": "kuyog"
},
{
"word": "kaban"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"multitude; large number"
],
"id": "en-kawan-tl-noun-O~8g8x6h",
"links": [
[
"multitude",
"multitude"
],
[
"large",
"large"
],
[
"number",
"number"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "kulumpol"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkawan/",
"tags": [
"Standard-Tagalog"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈk̠aː.wɐn̪]",
"tags": [
"Standard-Tagalog"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-awan"
}
],
"word": "kawan"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "kawán",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yog",
"2": "noun",
"head": "kawán"
},
"expansion": "kawán",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Yogad",
"lang_code": "yog",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 6 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Yogad entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"typhoon"
],
"id": "en-kawan-yog-noun-MxyWuOnW",
"links": [
[
"typhoon",
"typhoon"
]
]
}
],
"word": "kawan"
}
{
"categories": [
"Indonesian 2-syllable words",
"Indonesian entries with incorrect language header",
"Indonesian lemmas",
"Indonesian nouns",
"Indonesian terms derived from Malay",
"Indonesian terms derived from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian",
"Indonesian terms inherited from Malay",
"Indonesian terms inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian",
"Indonesian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Indonesian terms with audio pronunciation",
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Indonesian/awan",
"Rhymes:Indonesian/awan/2 syllables"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "kawan baru"
},
{
"word": "kawan berbuat"
},
{
"word": "kawan berlomba"
},
{
"word": "kawan bicara"
},
{
"word": "kawan dekat"
},
{
"word": "kawan hidup"
},
{
"word": "kawan karib"
},
{
"word": "kawan lama"
},
{
"word": "kawan sebaya"
},
{
"word": "kawan sejawat"
},
{
"word": "kawan sekelas"
},
{
"word": "kawan sekerja"
},
{
"word": "kawan seperjuangan"
},
{
"word": "kawan sepermainan"
},
{
"word": "kawan setia"
},
{
"word": "kawan sirih"
},
{
"word": "kawan tebusan"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"kawan",
"kawan#Malay"
],
[
"*kaban",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Malayo-Polynesian/kaban"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "ms",
"3": "kawan"
},
"expansion": "Malay kawan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "poz-pro",
"3": "*kaban"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kaban",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Malay kawan, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kaban.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "kawan-kawan",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "kawan (plural kawan-kawan)",
"name": "id-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ka‧wan"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"ka‧wan"
]
}
],
"lang": "Indonesian",
"lang_code": "id",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"buddy (partner for a particular activity)"
],
"links": [
[
"buddy",
"buddy"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"friend (person whose company one enjoys)"
],
"links": [
[
"friend",
"friend"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "bendu"
},
{
"word": "dongan"
},
{
"word": "handai"
},
{
"word": "handai tolan"
},
{
"word": "kamerad"
},
{
"word": "kanca"
},
{
"word": "kanti"
},
{
"word": "karib"
},
{
"word": "kenalan"
},
{
"word": "kolega"
},
{
"word": "kontak"
},
{
"word": "mitra"
},
{
"word": "perepat"
},
{
"word": "rafik"
},
{
"word": "rekan"
},
{
"word": "sahabat"
},
{
"word": "saki"
},
{
"word": "sejawat"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Indonesian terms with usage examples",
"id:Politics"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
119,
124
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
95,
102
]
],
"english": "Only several PKI leaders succeeded in saving themselves by traveling abroad, one of them being Comrade Musso, a member of the Central Committee of the PKI.",
"text": "Hanya beberapa orang pemimpin PKI berhasil menyelamatkan diri ke luar negeri, di antaranya anggota Central Comite PKI, Kawan Musso.",
"translation": "Only several PKI leaders succeeded in saving themselves by traveling abroad, one of them being Comrade Musso, a member of the Central Committee of the PKI.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"comrade"
],
"links": [
[
"politics",
"politics"
],
[
"comrade",
"comrade"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(politics) comrade"
],
"topics": [
"government",
"politics"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkawan/",
"tags": [
"Standard-Indonesian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈka.wan]",
"tags": [
"Standard-Indonesian"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-awan"
}
],
"word": "kawan"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "jv",
"2": "romanization",
"head": "",
"sc": "Latn"
},
"expansion": "kawan",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "kawan",
"name": "jv-rom"
}
],
"lang": "Javanese",
"lang_code": "jv",
"pos": "romanization",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "ꦏꦮꦤ꧀"
}
],
"categories": [
"Javanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Javanese non-lemma forms",
"Javanese romanizations",
"Javanese terms with redundant script codes",
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"romanization of ꦏꦮꦤ꧀"
],
"links": [
[
"ꦏꦮꦤ꧀",
"ꦏꦮꦤ꧀#Javanese"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"romanization"
]
}
],
"word": "kawan"
}
{
"categories": [
"Johor Malay",
"Malay 2-syllable words",
"Malay classifiers",
"Malay entries with incorrect language header",
"Malay lemmas",
"Malay nouns",
"Malay pronouns",
"Malay terms derived from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian",
"Malay terms inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian",
"Malay terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Malay/an",
"Rhymes:Malay/an/2 syllables",
"Rhymes:Malay/awan",
"Rhymes:Malay/awan/2 syllables",
"Rhymes:Malay/wan",
"Rhymes:Malay/wan/2 syllables"
],
"derived": [
{
"sense": "Affixations",
"word": "berkawan"
},
{
"sense": "Affixations",
"word": "kawani"
},
{
"sense": "Affixations",
"word": "kawankan"
},
{
"sense": "Affixations",
"word": "perkawan"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Indonesian",
"lang_code": "id",
"raw_tags": [
"inherited",
"inherited"
],
"word": "kawan"
},
{
"lang": "Kendayan",
"lang_code": "knx",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "kawan"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"*kaban",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Malayo-Polynesian/kaban"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ms",
"2": "poz-pro",
"3": "*kaban",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kaban",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ms",
"2": "poz-pro",
"3": "*kaban"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kaban",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kaban.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "کاون",
"tags": [
"Jawi"
]
},
{
"form": "kawan-kawan",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kawan²",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kwn",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Internet"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"j": "کاون"
},
"expansion": "kawan (Jawi spelling کاون, plural kawan-kawan or kawan²)",
"name": "ms-noun"
}
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"ka",
"wan"
]
}
],
"lang": "Malay",
"lang_code": "ms",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"friend (person whose company one enjoys)"
],
"links": [
[
"friend",
"friend"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"flock"
],
"links": [
[
"flock",
"flock"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkawan/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈka.wan]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-awan"
},
{
"rhymes": "-wan"
},
{
"rhymes": "-an"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"sense": "company enjoyed",
"word": "teman"
},
{
"sense": "company enjoyed",
"word": "rakan"
},
{
"sense": "company enjoyed",
"word": "sahabat"
}
],
"word": "kawan"
}
{
"categories": [
"Johor Malay",
"Malay 2-syllable words",
"Malay classifiers",
"Malay entries with incorrect language header",
"Malay lemmas",
"Malay nouns",
"Malay pronouns",
"Malay terms derived from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian",
"Malay terms inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian",
"Malay terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Malay/an",
"Rhymes:Malay/an/2 syllables",
"Rhymes:Malay/awan",
"Rhymes:Malay/awan/2 syllables",
"Rhymes:Malay/wan",
"Rhymes:Malay/wan/2 syllables"
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"*kaban",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Malayo-Polynesian/kaban"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ms",
"2": "poz-pro",
"3": "*kaban",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kaban",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ms",
"2": "poz-pro",
"3": "*kaban"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kaban",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kaban.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "kwn",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Internet"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ms",
"2": "classifier"
},
"expansion": "kawan",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"ka",
"wan"
]
}
],
"lang": "Malay",
"lang_code": "ms",
"pos": "classifier",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Classifier used for animals in flocks."
],
"links": [
[
"flocks",
"flocks#English"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkawan/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈka.wan]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-awan"
},
{
"rhymes": "-wan"
},
{
"rhymes": "-an"
}
],
"word": "kawan"
}
{
"categories": [
"Johor Malay",
"Malay 2-syllable words",
"Malay classifiers",
"Malay entries with incorrect language header",
"Malay lemmas",
"Malay nouns",
"Malay pronouns",
"Malay terms derived from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian",
"Malay terms inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian",
"Malay terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Malay/an",
"Rhymes:Malay/an/2 syllables",
"Rhymes:Malay/awan",
"Rhymes:Malay/awan/2 syllables",
"Rhymes:Malay/wan",
"Rhymes:Malay/wan/2 syllables"
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"*kaban",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Malayo-Polynesian/kaban"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ms",
"2": "poz-pro",
"3": "*kaban",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kaban",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ms",
"2": "poz-pro",
"3": "*kaban"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kaban",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kaban.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "کاون",
"tags": [
"Jawi"
]
},
{
"form": "kwn",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Internet"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"j": "کاون"
},
"expansion": "kawan (Jawi spelling کاون)",
"name": "ms-pronoun"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ms",
"2": "Johor"
},
"expansion": "(Johor)",
"name": "tlb"
}
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"ka",
"wan"
]
}
],
"lang": "Malay",
"lang_code": "ms",
"pos": "pron",
"related": [
{
"word": "saya1 aku3"
},
{
"word": "kita4 kami2 & 5 kita orang3 & 5"
},
{
"alt": "eng",
"word": "awak1 anda2 awda8kau3 kamu3"
},
{
"alt": "eng",
"tags": [
"second-person"
],
"word": "+ semua6 kalian2kau orang3"
},
{
"word": "dia ia beliau7 -nya2"
},
{
"word": "mereka2 dia orang3"
},
{
"word": "This table mostly only shows personal pronouns that are commonly used in the standard language and within the Klang Valley area"
},
{
"word": "The second person pronouns are often replaced by kinship terms"
},
{
"word": "titles"
},
{
"word": "or the like"
},
{
"english": "as an object or possessor",
"translation": "as an object or possessor",
"word": "The enclitic -nya is only used obliquely"
},
{
"word": "The second person pronoun kamu is usually only used when speaking with younger speakers"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"I (personal pronoun)"
],
"links": [
[
"I",
"I"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"me (direct object of a verb)"
],
"links": [
[
"me",
"me"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"me (object of a preposition)"
],
"links": [
[
"me",
"me"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"me (indirect object of a verb)"
],
"links": [
[
"me",
"me"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"my (belonging to me)"
],
"links": [
[
"my",
"my"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkawan/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈka.wan]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-awan"
},
{
"rhymes": "-wan"
},
{
"rhymes": "-an"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "aku"
},
{
"word": "saya"
}
],
"word": "kawan"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old Javanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Javanese lemmas",
"Old Javanese nouns",
"Old Javanese terms derived from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian",
"Old Javanese terms inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian",
"Old Javanese terms with unknown etymologies",
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Old Javanese/wan",
"Rhymes:Old Javanese/wan/2 syllables"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "anakawan"
},
{
"word": "panakawan"
},
{
"word": "sakawan"
},
{
"word": "sakawanan"
},
{
"word": "samakawan"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Javanese",
"lang_code": "jv",
"raw_tags": [
"inherited",
"uncertain"
],
"roman": "kawan",
"word": "ꦏꦮꦤ꧀"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"*kaban",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Malayo-Polynesian/kaban"
]
],
"etymology_number": "1",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kaw",
"2": "poz-pro",
"3": "*kaban",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kaban",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kaw",
"2": "poz-pro",
"3": "*kaban"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kaban",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kaban.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kaw",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "kawan",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"ka",
"wan"
]
}
],
"lang": "Old Javanese",
"lang_code": "kaw",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"companion; group"
],
"links": [
[
"companion",
"companion"
],
[
"group",
"group"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ka.wan/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-wan"
}
],
"word": "kawan"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old Javanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Javanese lemmas",
"Old Javanese nouns",
"Old Javanese terms with unknown etymologies",
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Old Javanese/wan",
"Rhymes:Old Javanese/wan/2 syllables"
],
"etymology_number": "2",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kaw"
},
"expansion": "Unknown",
"name": "unk"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Unknown",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kaw",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "kawan",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"ka",
"wan"
]
}
],
"lang": "Old Javanese",
"lang_code": "kaw",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"a particular kind of fish"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ka.wan/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-wan"
}
],
"word": "kawan"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Tagalog/awan",
"Rhymes:Tagalog/awan/2 syllables",
"Tagalog 2-syllable words",
"Tagalog doublets",
"Tagalog entries with incorrect language header",
"Tagalog lemmas",
"Tagalog nouns",
"Tagalog terms borrowed from Malay",
"Tagalog terms derived from Malay",
"Tagalog terms derived from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian",
"Tagalog terms inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian",
"Tagalog terms with Baybayin script",
"Tagalog terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Tagalog terms with malumay pronunciation",
"Tagalog terms with missing Baybayin script entries",
"tl:Collectives"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "kawan-kawan"
},
{
"word": "magkawan"
},
{
"word": "magkawan-kawan"
},
{
"word": "mangawan"
},
{
"word": "mapangawan"
},
{
"word": "pangawanan"
},
{
"word": "pangawanin"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"kawan",
"kawan#Malay"
],
[
"*kaban",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Malayo-Polynesian/kaban"
],
[
"kaban",
"kaban#Tagalog"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tl",
"2": "ms",
"3": "kawan"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Malay kawan",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tl",
"2": "poz-pro",
"3": "*kaban",
"4": "",
"5": "companion, member of a group (of animals or people); friend"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kaban (“companion, member of a group (of animals or people); friend”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tl",
"2": "kaban"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of kaban",
"name": "dbt"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Malay kawan, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kaban (“companion, member of a group (of animals or people); friend”). Doublet of kaban.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ᜃᜏᜈ᜔",
"tags": [
"Baybayin"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"b": "+"
},
"expansion": "kawan (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜏᜈ᜔)",
"name": "tl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ka‧wan"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"ka‧wan"
]
}
],
"lang": "Tagalog",
"lang_code": "tl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"herd; flock; school; swarm (group of animals together, especially of the same kind)"
],
"links": [
[
"herd",
"herd"
],
[
"flock",
"flock"
],
[
"school",
"school"
],
[
"swarm",
"swarm"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "kamada"
},
{
"word": "grupo"
},
{
"word": "langkay"
},
{
"word": "pulutong"
},
{
"word": "ganado"
},
{
"word": "kuyog"
},
{
"word": "kaban"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"multitude; large number"
],
"links": [
[
"multitude",
"multitude"
],
[
"large",
"large"
],
[
"number",
"number"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "kulumpol"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkawan/",
"tags": [
"Standard-Tagalog"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈk̠aː.wɐn̪]",
"tags": [
"Standard-Tagalog"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-awan"
}
],
"word": "kawan"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "kawán",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yog",
"2": "noun",
"head": "kawán"
},
"expansion": "kawán",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Yogad",
"lang_code": "yog",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Yogad entries with incorrect language header",
"Yogad lemmas",
"Yogad nouns"
],
"glosses": [
"typhoon"
],
"links": [
[
"typhoon",
"typhoon"
]
]
}
],
"word": "kawan"
}
Download raw JSONL data for kawan meaning in All languages combined (16.3kB)
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1089",
"msg": "suspicious unhandled suffix in Malay: 'kita4 kami2 & 5 kita orang3 & 5', originally 'kita4 kami2 & 5 kita orang3 & 5'",
"path": [
"kawan"
],
"section": "Malay",
"subsection": "pronoun",
"title": "kawan",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-10-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (1a05e46 and e3d6d4e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.